{"id":256,"date":"2022-10-28T00:19:35","date_gmt":"2022-10-27T16:19:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cococat.top\/?p=256"},"modified":"2022-10-28T00:19:35","modified_gmt":"2022-10-27T16:19:35","slug":"2022campusnote_1_os","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cococat.top\/index.php\/2022\/10\/28\/2022campusnote_1_os\/","title":{"rendered":"2022\u6821\u62db\u7b14\u8bb01\uff1a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7a7a\u95f4<\/h1>\n

\uff08\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u662f\u4ece\u9ad8\u5730\u5740\u5230\u4f4e\u5730\u5740\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u6bb5\u540d<\/th>\n\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u5185\u6838(kernel space)<\/td>\n\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6808 \u2193<\/td>\n\u5b58\u653e\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
.mmap \u2193<\/td>\n\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6(\u8bbe\u5907)\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5806 \u2191<\/td>\n\u5b58\u653e\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
.bss<\/td>\n\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\uff08\u5168\u5c40\/\u5c40\u90e8\uff09\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
.data<\/td>\n\u53c8\u5206\u4e3a.rdata\uff08\u5168\u5c40<\/strong>\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\u548c.wdata\uff08\u5df2\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u5df2\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5168\u5c40\/\u5c40\u90e8\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
.text<\/td>\n\u5b58\u653e\u4ee3\u7801<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

.data\u6bb5\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5206\u914d\u597d\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

1.1. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5206\u5806\u548c\u6808\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u6808\u4e0a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7531\u8fdb\u51fa\u6808\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u79bb\u5f00\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u6790\u6784\u3001\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u79bb\u5f00\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u51fd\u6570\u540e\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u6808\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

1.2. \u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u5df2\u7ecf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u653e\u5728.wdata\uff0c\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u653e\u5728.bss<\/p>\n

1.3. \u5c40\u90e8\u5e38\u91cf\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662fconst\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u5728\u6808\u7aef\u800c\u975e.rdata<\/p>\n

1.4. \u865a\u8868\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1f<\/h2>\n

.rdata\u6bb5\u5373\u5168\u5c40\u5e38\u91cf\u533a
\nhttps:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/chczy1\/article\/details\/100521615<\/a><\/p>\n

1.5. \u5185\u6838\u6808\uff1f\u7528\u6237\u6808\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6808\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\u6808\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5f53\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0ccpu\u5806\u6808\u6307\u9488\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u7528\u6237\u5806\u6808\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237\u6808\uff1b\u5f53\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u65f6\uff0ccpu\u5806\u6808\u6307\u9488\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u5185\u6838\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u6838\u6808
\nhttps:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/jasonLee_lijiaqi\/article\/details\/80181501<\/a><\/p>\n

1.6. \u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4\u5728\u7236\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u3010\u672a\u8bc1\u5b9e\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3011\u5728\u5806\u4e2d\u5f00\u8f9f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f00\u8f9f\u540e\u8fd8\u4f1a\u989d\u5916\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bfb\u4e0d\u53ef\u5199\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5373\u53d1\u751f\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002
\nhttp:\/\/www.360doc.com\/content\/16\/0506\/11\/478627_556725732.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n

2. MMAP<\/h1>\n

\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6216\u8bbe\u5907\uff09\u76f4\u63a5\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b64\u6bb5\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u810f\u9875\u5199\u56de\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u7528read\/write\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528msync\u5f3a\u5236\u540c\u6b65\u3002mmap\u5e76\u4e0d\u5206\u914d\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7mmap\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3002
\n\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cmmap\u673a\u5236\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7a7a\u95f4\u76f4\u63a5\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5916\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7565\u53bb\u4e86\u5e38\u89c4\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5148\u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u5185\u6838\u7684\u9875\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u800c\u540e\u518d\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u7684\u9875\u7f13\u5b58\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u7528\u6237\u6001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8017\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6548\u7387\u6bd4\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002
\nhttps:\/\/blog.51cto.com\/u_15284125\/2988714<\/a>
\nhttps:\/\/blog.nowcoder.net\/n\/850befe7c86d446ab73c89c5f18d8dcb?from=nowcoder_improve<\/a><\/p>\n

3. \u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406<\/h1>\n

3.1. \u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u79cd\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u7531\u8bb8\u591a\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e0a\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u9875\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f7f\u5f97\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u62e5\u6709\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002
\n\u5177\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u5b89\u5168\uff08\u907f\u514d\u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u6838\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff09\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7b49\u4f18\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

3.2. \u6bb5\u9875\u5f0f<\/h2>\n

\u6bb5\u5f0f\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7a7a\u95f4\u6309\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u4e3a\u6570\u4e2a\u6bb5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982.data, .code\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6bb5\u5efa\u7acb\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002
\n\u9875\u5f0f\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u65e0\u89c6\u903b\u8f91\u6bb5\uff0c\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6309\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u662f4KB\uff09\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u9875\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u9875\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u6620\u5c04\u3002
\n\u6bb5\u9875\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5206\u6bb5\u5e76\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6bb5\u5185\u5206\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n

3.3. TLB<\/h2>\n

\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u9700\u8981\u9875\u8868\uff0c\u9875\u8868\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684PCB\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6307\u5411\u9875\u8868\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002TLB(translation lookaside buffer)\u8f6c\u8bd1\u540e\u5907\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u5feb\u8868\uff0c\u662fCPU\u4e2d\u7684<\/strong>\u4e00\u79cd\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u7f13\u5b58\u865a\u5b9e\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u786c\u4ef6\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u9875\u8868\u5feb\u5f88\u591a\uff1b\u5f53TLB\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\uff0c\u518d\u67e5\u9875\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n

3.4. \u7f3a\u9875\u4e2d\u65ad<\/h2>\n

\u5185\u5b58\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u9875\u90fd\u5b9e\u9645\u653e\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u5f53\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u9875\u4e0d\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u7f3a\u9875\u4e2d\u65ad\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6839\u636e\u9875\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5916\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u9875\u8c03\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

3.5. \u9875\u9762\u7f6e\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h2>\n

\u53d1\u751f\u7f3a\u9875\u4e2d\u65ad\u65f6\uff0c\u82e5\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u95f2\u7f6e\u7684\u7269\u7406\u9875\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u5757\u8c03\u51fa\u5185\u5b58\u8fdb\u5165\u5916\u5b58\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7b97\u6cd5\u662fFIFO\uff08\u6dd8\u6c70\u6700\u65e9\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u9875\uff0c\u73b0\u5df2\u5f88\u5c11\u7528\uff09\u548cLRU\uff08\u6dd8\u6c70\u6700\u4e45\u672a\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9875\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\u9875\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u60c5\u51b5\u6240\u4ee5\u5f00\u9500\u5927\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u800c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868+\u54c8\u5e0c\uff0cLC146\uff09<\/p>\n

3.6. \u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ba1\u7406\u7a7a\u95f2\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u9996\u6b21\u9002\u5e94\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u9002\u5e94\u3001\u6700\u574f\u9002\u5e94<\/p>\n

3.7. \u5185\u5b58\u6296\u52a8<\/h2>\n

\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u5927\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n
  2. \u9875\u9762\u7f6e\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u5408\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    4. \u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u533a\u522b\u9879<\/th>\n\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/th>\n\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u6700\u5c0f\u5355\u4f4d\uff1f<\/td>\n\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5355\u4f4d<\/td>\nCPU\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5355\u4f4d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u79c1\u6709\u8d44\u6e90<\/td>\n\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\uff0c\u5806 \uff08\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u7531\u4e0b\u5c5e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\uff09<\/td>\n\u6808\uff0c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0cPC\uff0cpid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5f00\u9500<\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500\u5927<\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500\u5c0f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd<\/td>\n\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5d29\u4e86\u4e92\u76f8\u65e0\u5f71\u54cd<\/td>\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0bsegfault\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u7ec8\u6b62\u540c\u4e00\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    4.1. \u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u521b\u5efa\/\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500\u66f4\u5927\uff1f<\/h2>\n

    \u8fdb\u7a0b\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u662f\u5171\u7528\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u521b\u5efa\/\u5207\u6362\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u9875\u8868\uff08\u9875\u8868\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u81ea\u7136TLB\u4e5f\u5931\u6548\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u6b65\u9aa4\u5b58\u5728\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5207\u6362\u540e\u7531\u4e8eTLB\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u4f1a\u53d8\u6162\u3002\u800c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u9875\u8868\u4e0eTLB<\/p>\n

    5. \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u534f\u7a0b<\/h1>\n

    5.1. \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h2>\n

    \u8fd0\u884c\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88abOS\u5185\u6838\u611f\u77e5\u7684\uff1b\u5185\u6838\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u5185\u6838\u8c03\u5ea6\u5b9e\u4f53(kernel scheduling entity, KSE)\uff0c\u53c8\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff08Kernel-Level Thread, KLT\uff09\u3002\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff08User-Level Thread, ULT\uff09\u548c\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u3002
    \n\u6700\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\uff0c\u5373KLT\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93\u4e2d\uff08\u5305\u62eclinux pthread, C++11 std::thread<\/code>, Java::lang::thread<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982std::thread<\/code>\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9KSE\u7684\u4e00\u5c42\u5c01\u88c5\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u9500\u6bc1\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u5b8c\u5168\u501f\u52a9OS\u5185\u6838\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u6b64\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u8c03\u5ea6\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6001<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u91cf\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u5bf9OS\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002
    \n\u534f\u7a0b\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u7684\u591a\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\uff0c\u5373ULT\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff08\u5373\u534f\u7a0b\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u534f\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5207\u6362\u7531\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u534f\u7a0b\u5e93\u81ea\u884c\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002ULT\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u8c03\u5ea6\u90fd\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6001<\/strong>\u3002\u7531\u4e8eOS\u4e0d\u80fd\u611f\u77e5\u534f\u7a0b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6545\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u534f\u7a0b\u963b\u585e\u540e\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u534f\u7a0b\u90fd\u963b\u585e\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002
    \n\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u6df7\u5408\u578b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\u7efc\u5408\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4e0e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u963b\u585e\u800c\u88ab\u8c03\u5ea6\u6682\u505c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u5176\u4e2d\u672a\u963b\u585e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8c03\u5ea6\u673a\u5236\u5f88\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u5b50\u662fgo\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u3002
    \nhttps:\/\/www.jianshu.com\/p\/dca73cbb87a6<\/a>
    \n    https:\/\/cloud.tencent.com\/developer\/article\/1793593<\/a><\/p>\n

    5.2. \u534f\u7a0b\uff1f<\/h2>\n

    \u8f7b\u91cf\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff08\u4e0d\u50cf\u8fdb\u7a0b\/\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5185\u6838\u6001\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7531CPU\u8c03\u5ea6\u800c\u662f\u7531\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5185\u81ea\u884c\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5185\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u534f\u7a0b\u5206\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u662f\u5e76\u53d1(concurrency)\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5e76\u884c(parrallel)\u3002\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500\u66f4\u4f4e\u3002OS\u4e0d\u80fd\u611f\u77e5\u534f\u7a0b\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u534f\u7a0b\u963b\u585e\u5219OS\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8be5\u7ebf\u7a0b\u963b\u585e\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

    6. \u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08IPC\uff09<\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u65b9\u5f0f<\/th>\n\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u4fe1\u53f7Singal<\/td>\n\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u518c\u4fe1\u53f7\u6355\u83b7\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982ctrl+C\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65adSIGINT\uff0c\u8c03\u8bd5\u65f6\u7684SIGTRAP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u4fe1\u53f7\u91cfSemaphore<\/td>\nPV\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002P\uff1a-1\uff0c\u82e5>=0\u5219\u7ee7\u7eed\uff1b\u5426\u5219\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\uff1bV\uff1a+1\uff0c\u82e5<= 0\u5219\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5524\u9192\u4e3a\u5c31\u7eea\u6001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053Pipe<\/td>\n\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\uff0c\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u6709\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053FIFO<\/td>\n\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\uff0c\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58Shared Memory<\/td>\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u5408\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\/\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\uff0c\u5f53\u505a\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217Message Queue<\/td>\n\u6d88\u606f\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u7ba1\u9053\u90a3\u6837\u53ea\u80fd\u8bfb\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\uff1b\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u63a5\u53d7\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7ba1\u9053\u90a3\u6837\u5168\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Socket\u901a\u4fe1<\/td>\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u3002RPC\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    7. \u7ebf\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h1>\n

    \u4e13\u6709\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\uff01\u5171\u7528\u6240\u5c5e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684.rdata\u6bb5
    \n\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u3001\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u3002<\/p>\n

    8. \u540c\u6b65\u548c\u4e92\u65a5\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/h1>\n

    \u540c\u6b65\uff1a\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\/\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c
    \n\u4e92\u65a5\uff1a\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n

    9. \u8fdb\/\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5176C++\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h1>\n

    \u539f\u5b50\u53d8\u91cf\uff1aC++std::atomic<\/code> \u672c\u535a\u5ba2\u4e0a\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/a>
    \n\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\uff1aC++std::mutex<\/code>\u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u4e8e\u57fa\u7840\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u9501\u3002
    \n\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\uff1aLinux \/ Windows API\u4e2d\u7684semaphore
    \n\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\uff1aC++std::condition_variable<\/code>\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u771f\u518d\u88ab\u901a\u77e5\u5524\u9192\u3002
    \n\u4e34\u754c\u533a\uff1aWindows Api\u4e2dCRITICAL_SECTION<\/code>\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

    10. \u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6a21\u578b<\/h1>\n

    \u6ce8\u610f\u70b9\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5199\u5165\u548c\u8bfb\u51fa\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u7528\u4e8e\u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u95f2\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u548c\u5f85\u6d88\u8d39\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

    semaphore mutex=1; \/\/\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u4e92\u65a5\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\nsemaphore empty=n;  \/\/\u7a7a\u95f2\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\nsemaphore full=0;  \/\/\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a\u7a7a\nproducer ()\/\/\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u8fdb\u7a0b\n{     \n    while(1)\n    {\n        produce an item in nextp;  \/\/\u751f\u4ea7\u6570\u636e\n        P(empty);  \/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7a7a\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5355\u5143\n        P(mutex);  \/\/\u8fdb\u5165\u4e34\u754c\u533a.\n        add nextp to buffer;  \/\/\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u653e\u5165\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\n        V(mutex);  \/\/\u79bb\u5f00\u4e34\u754c\u533a,\u91ca\u653e\u4e92\u65a5\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\n        V(full);  \/\/\u6ee1\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6570\u52a01\n    }\n}\nconsumer () \n{  \/\/\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u8fdb\u7a0b\n    while(1)\n    {\n        P(full);  \/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u6ee1\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5355\u5143\n        P(mutex);  \/\/ \u8fdb\u5165\u4e34\u754c\u533a\n        remove an item from buffer;  \/\/\u4ece\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u53d6\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n        V (mutex);  \/\/\u79bb\u5f00\u4e34\u754c\u533a\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u4e92\u65a5\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\n        V (empty) ;  \/\/\u7a7a\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6570\u52a01\n        consume the item;  \/\/\u6d88\u8d39\u6570\u636e\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
    11. Linux PCB<\/h1>\n
    11.1. \u5305\u542b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/h2>\n
    linux\u6e90\u7801\u4e2d\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53task_struct<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6210\u5458\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n